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Chrysocolla

A soft, glassy blue-green copper silicate, often hardened by quartz.

Family
Chrysocolla
Formula
(Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O
Mohs
2.5 to 3.5
System
Amorphous

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Science

Chrysocolla is a hydrated copper silicate with no fixed structure, forming crusts and fillings where copper ores weather. It is too soft for jewellery on its own; when silica impregnates it the result, gem silica, is a translucent turquoise-blue chalcedony that is hard, rare and expensive.

Mineral
Chrysocolla
Formula
(Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O
Crystal system
Amorphous
Mohs hardness
2.5 to 3.5
Specific gravity
2.00 to 2.40
Refractive index
1.460 to 1.570
Lustre
Vitreous to earthy
Colours
Blue-green, Cyan, Green

Composition

(Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O. Made of Copper, Aluminium, Silicon, Oxygen, Hydrogen.

in formula

Origin

  • Peru
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Chile
  • United States
    Arizona
  • Mexico

Filled dots are primary sources

Rarity

Common
2 of 5

Common in copper districts. Gem silica, chrysocolla in chalcedony hard enough to cut, is uncommon and valued.

  1. 1 Abundant
  2. 2 Common
  3. 3 Uncommon
  4. 4 Rare
  5. 5 Exceptional

Hardness

Chrysocolla sits at 2.5 to 3.5 on the Mohs scale. A steel knife will scratch it; it suits pendants and display more than rings.

Fingernail
Copper coin
Knife, glass
Steel file
1
2
3
4
5
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10

Energy

Associations from crystal-healing tradition, recorded here as folklore. They are not medical claims.

Chakras

  • Throat
  • Heart

Element

  • Water

Zodiac

  • Gemini
  • Virgo
  • Taurus

Planets

  • Venus
  • Mercury

Properties

  • Communication
  • Calm
  • Feminine power
  • Teaching

Lore

Theophrastus named it around 315 BCE from chrysos and kolla, gold and glue, because goldsmiths used a green copper mineral as solder flux. Eilat stone, a mix with malachite and turquoise, is Israel's national stone, said to come from Solomon's mines.

Its modern reputation is as a stone of gentle speech and of women's wisdom.

  • Gem silica
    Chrysocolla-coloured chalcedony, Mohs 7, from Arizona and Peru.
  • Care
    Soft and porous; keep away from water and chemicals.